A look at the history of The Battle Cross, Aldborough, with Dr Emma Wells

The Battle Cross, though not technically a building, is a significant monument to Yorkshire’s history—so much so it is both listed and scheduled. Originally linked to the Battle of Boroughbridge which occurred in the 14th century, the often-overlooked historical marker now stands in the nearby village of Aldborough, North Yorkshire, famed for the remains of a former Roman town.

This medieval cross, originally 18-feet in height, is believed to derive from the 15th century, and comprises stone angle shafts with spurs and moulded capitals though the upper portions, crowned by a damaged crocket capital, have faced erorion and rather crude restoration.

For over 500 years, the monument stood in the marketplace of Boroughbridge (the Butter Market at the foot of the High Street) until 21 April 1852, with records suggesting that it was relocated to Aldborough, possibly for preservation.

Its original location was sited near to the battlefield, traditionally associated with the defeat and execution of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster—Edward II’s cousin and one of the country’s most powerful nobles—who led a rebellion against the king, ending in the battle, fought on 16 March, 1322. It was a brief yet decisive moment in England’s baronial struggles, as Lancaster’s forces were trapped at Boroughbridge and crushed by royal troops under Sir Andrew Harclay. This skirmish played a crucial role in England’s internal struggles, yet its significance is frequently overshadowed by grander conflicts like the Wars of the Roses or the Hundred Years’ War.

The cross’s precise origins remain uncertain. Some believe it was erected shortly after the battle to mark the site of Lancaster’s capture, while others argue it predates the conflict and was later linked to the event. Regardless, the Battle Cross is more than just a weathered stone relic; it represents a pivotal, if underappreciated, moment in England’s history and is deserving of far more attention than it currently receives.

Address: Front Street, Aldborough, York YO51 9ES, UK

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Books by Dr Emma Wells