3D/4D City Modelling : From Sensors to Applications

This book provides theoretical and practical insights into city modelling from a geomatics perspective. It offers a critical discussion of state-of-the-art solutions for the geometric and semantic generation of 3D city models, their management and maintenance in GIS environments, and also their representation and visualization.In addition it also provides examples of real-world applications with two successful applications of city model databases used at national level.The increasing trend to implement 3D city models and monitor/store their changes in time in a 3D GIS environment has brought the need for more studies of every stage in their production, management and presentation.These stages range from data collection and processing to 3D object reconstruction and model generation, spatial and non-spatial data management, and representation. With chapters contributed by internationally recognized experts 3D/4D City Modelling provides a broad overview of the different aspects of the subject and brings together the theoretical information and best practices that comprise the major components of the city modelling process.It synthesises the technological and methodological advancements in geospatial information science and geoinformatics with special focus on 3D city models.